Although the comprehensive peace agreement (signed in November 2006) ended active hostilities in the 10 year civil war, a post-conflict environment exists in many areas. There are still 50,000-70,000 internally displaced persons (IDPs.) Many, fearing for their safety, are reluctant to return to their home communities. Approximately 11,000 children associated with armed forces and armed groups (CAAFAG) face reintegration difficulties in their home communities and new risks including displacement, trafficking and (re-)recruitment into armed or criminal groups. More than one thousand persons who were disappeared during the conflict are still unaccounted for, while those who are responsible for these and other abuses enjoy impunity. In addition to fallout from the Maoist insurgency, Nepal’s terai region bordering India is experiencing a violent emerging ethnic and political conflict, with increased numbers of armed political and criminal groups. It is subject to frequent education, transport and general strikes. Most international and local NGOs are unable to operate effectively in the Eastern and Central terai due to the violence.

TPO Nepal has been working with children and communities affected by conflict since 2005.